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Why are polyester fibers prone to static electricity
source：www.03559659.cn | Release time：2025-02-061. Chemical structure: Polyester fibers are synthetic fibers made by chemical condensation of organic dicarboxylic acids and diols, and their molecular structure lacks functional groups or ionization sites that can provide ion conduction. Under friction and other conditions, electrons are prone to transfer and accumulate on the surface of fibers, and it is difficult to transfer these charges out through their own molecular structure, thus forming static electricity.
2. Low moisture absorption: Polyester fibers have poor moisture absorption, and under general environmental conditions, their moisture regain is usually around 0.4% -0.5%. Compared to natural fibers such as cotton, hemp, silk, etc., polyester fibers have a weaker ability to absorb moisture from the air. And water can form a thin conductive layer on the surface of fibers, which helps with the conduction and dissipation of charges. Due to the low moisture absorption of polyester fibers, effective conductive channels cannot be formed, resulting in a large accumulation of frictional charges on their surface, leading to significant electrostatic phenomena.
3. Frictional electrification characteristics: In daily life, polyester fiber products often experience friction with other objects (such as human skin, other clothing, etc.). The friction coefficient of polyester fiber is relatively high, and during the friction process, electrons are easily transferred from one object surface to another. Polyester fibers are more prone to losing electrons and carrying positive charges when rubbed against other materials, and due to their low moisture absorption and low conductivity, these charges quickly accumulate on their surface, generating static electricity.
4. Processing and usage environment: In the production and processing of polyester fibers, improper process control, such as spinning, cutting, and other operations in a dry environment, can increase the possibility of static electricity generated by the fibers. In addition, during use, when the environmental humidity is low and the temperature is high, it will also exacerbate the generation of static electricity in polyester fibers. Generally speaking, when the environmental humidity is below 40%, polyester fibers are prone to significant static electricity.
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