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What are the preparation methods of composite spun fibers

source：www.03559659.cn  |  Release time：2025-05-06
The preparation methods of composite spun fibers mainly include the following:
1. Two component composite spinning: Two different polymer melts or solutions are separately input into the same spinning component, and after merging at the nozzle, they are extruded to form composite fibers. According to the distribution patterns of the two components in the fiber, it can be divided into various types such as skin core type, parallel type, sea island type, etc. For example, skin core composite fibers are composed of one component wrapped around another component, forming a structure similar to a skin layer and a core layer, which can be used to prepare fibers with special surface and core properties; Parallel type refers to two components being distributed side by side in the fiber, which can give the fiber special curling properties.
2. Multi component composite spinning: Composite spinning of three or more polymers or fibers to prepare fibers with more complex structures and properties. This method can integrate the advantages of multiple materials to achieve diversified and high-performance fiber properties. For example, through multi-component composite spinning, components with different colors and functions can be combined together to prepare fibers with special functions such as color changing and self-cleaning.
3. Blended composite spinning: Two or more polymers or fibers are blended and then composite fibers are prepared through spinning process. This method is simple and easy to implement, and can improve the performance of fibers to a certain extent. For example, by blending nanoparticles with polymers and spinning them, composite fibers with antibacterial, UV resistant and other functions can be prepared.
4. In situ composite spinning: During the fiber formation process, one or more substances are generated in situ inside the fiber through chemical reactions or physical actions, thereby forming composite fibers. For example, by adding a metal salt solution during the spinning process and generating metal nanoparticles inside the fibers through reduction reactions, composite fibers with conductivity, catalysis, and other functions can be prepared.
5. Electrospinning composite technology: Using electrospinning technology to prepare composite fibers, two or more polymer or fiber solutions are simultaneously sprayed through electrospinning equipment, and composite fibers are formed under the action of an electric field. This method can prepare nanoscale composite fibers with high specific surface area and good pore structure, which can be used in biomedical, filtration and other fields.
6. lotion spinning composite technology: two or more immiscible polymers or fibers are made into lotion, and then composite fibers are prepared by spinning process. This method can prepare composite fibers with special structures and properties, such as fibers with hollow or core-shell structures.

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