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Introduce the technological advantages of polyester fibers
source：www.03559659.cn | Release time：2025-06-251、 Advantages of easy availability of raw materials and large-scale production
1. Wide range of raw material sources
The main raw materials for polyester fiber are terephthalic acid (PTA) and ethylene glycol (EG), which can be extracted from petroleum refining by-products. The cost is stable and the supply is sufficient. Compared with natural fibers such as cotton and wool, it is less affected by climate and geography, making it suitable for industrial large-scale production.
2. Efficient polymerization process
Adopting continuous esterification and condensation process (such as Zimmer technology in Germany), the reaction temperature is controllable (250-280 ℃), the polymerization time is short (about 4-6 hours), and the annual output of a single production line can reach more than 100000 tons, with a production efficiency more than 10 times that of natural fiber textiles.
2、 The ability to correctly regulate fiber properties
1. Molecular structure designability
By adjusting the polymerization formula (such as adding copolymer monomers) or spinning process, the mechanical, heat-resistant, flame-retardant and other properties of the fibers can be customized:
High strength type: The breaking strength of industrial polyester fibers (such as tire cord) can reach 8cN/dtex or more, far exceeding natural fibers (cotton about 3-4cN/dtex);
Low shrinkage type: Through high-temperature shaping treatment, the fiber thermal shrinkage rate can be controlled below 1%, suitable for scenes such as curtains and carpets that require dimensional stability.
2. Diversified cross-sections and shapes
During the spinning process, different cross-sectional structures can be achieved through the design of a spinneret
Irregular cross-section (such as trilobite or hollow): increases fiber surface area and enhances moisture absorption and quick drying performance (such as sportswear fabrics);
Ultra fine denier fiber (diameter<0.5 denier): has a soft touch and can mimic the texture of silk, used for clothing fabrics.
3、 Strong processing adaptability, suitable for various post-processing techniques
1. Molding advantages brought by thermoplasticity
Polyester fibers have a melting point of about 255-265 ℃ and can be folded (such as the "no ironing" effect of shirt fabrics) or have complex patterns through processes such as heat setting and hot embossing. The dimensional stability after setting is over 95%.
2. Convenient staining and functional modification
Although conventional polyester fiber dyeing requires high temperature and high pressure (around 130 ℃), room temperature dyeing can be achieved by adding carriers or cationic modification; In addition, fibers can be endowed with UV resistance, antibacterial and other functions through blending modification (such as adding nano TiO ?), with strong process compatibility.
3. Composite compatibility with other materials
Polyester fibers can be blended with fibers such as cotton, linen, spandex, or composite with films, leather, etc. (such as the "polyester fiber+TPU film" structure of assault jackets), and the comprehensive performance of the fabric can be improved through interweaving technology.
4、 Excellent physical and chemical stability, reducing processing losses
1. Wear resistance and wrinkle resistance
The wear resistance of polyester fiber is 20 times that of cotton fiber and 30 times that of wool. It is less prone to pilling during weaving and wearing, making it suitable for making durable goods such as workwear and carpets; Its elastic recovery rate is over 90%, and it can be restored to a smooth state by ironing or hanging after wrinkling.
2. Chemical corrosion resistance and weather resistance
Acid and alkali corrosion resistance (resistant to 5% sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide at room temperature), and better light aging resistance than most synthetic fibers (such as acrylic). The service life can reach 5-10 years when used outdoors (such as sunshades and tarpaulins).
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